Sangha Means Indivisible
Sangha can be understood at three levels.
- Outer Sangha
- All other Buddhists, those who have taken refuge in the same lineage or with the same teacher, those who practice together, and the noble sangha of bodhisattvas and arhats.
- Inner Sangha
- Dakas and dakinis, dharmapalas.
- Secret Sangha
- All sentient beings in the six realms.
The Community of Refuge
“Hearing the Buddha pronounce the four noble truths, the eightfold path, and the links of interdependent origination, the first five disciples understood the meaning of his words; one by one, each attained the state of an Arhat, fully liberated from the flow of the passions and the karma that results from this flow. Their realization established that enlightened knowledge can be transmitted from one person to another, as a flame can pass from one candle to the next, illuminating each according to his potential. This understanding gave rise to the Sangha, the community dedicated to embodying the Buddha's teachings.
The Sangha is the natural expression of enlightened understanding, mirroring the interconnectedness of all forms of existence. The Sangha is the community that continues the Buddha's presence in the world, upholding the model of mindful action and a harmonious way of life. Founded by the Buddha, governed by his teachings, supported by generations of realized masters, the Sangha is a refuge from the attitudes and actions that bind living beings to suffering.”